Stochastic Language Generation in Dialogue using Recurrent Neural Networks with Convolutional Sentence Reranking

The natural language generation (NLG) component of a spoken dialogue system (SDS) usually needs a substantial amount of handcrafting or a well-labeled dataset to be trained on. These limitations add significantly to development costs and make cross-domain, multi-lingual dialogue systems intractable. Moreover, human languages are context-aware. The most natural response should be directly learned from data rather than depending on predefined syntaxes or rules. This paper presents a statistical language generator based on a joint recurrent and convolutional neural network structure which can be trained on dialogue act-utterance pairs without any semantic alignments or predefined grammar trees. Objective metrics suggest that this new model outperforms previous methods under the same experimental conditions. Results of an evaluation by human judges indicate that it produces not only high quality but linguistically varied utterances which are preferred compared to n-gram and rule-based systems.Comment: To be appear in SigDial 201

Characterization of biological functions of human RNA-binding proteins in Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1-regulated pathways

Poly(ADP-ribosy)lation (PARylation) can served as a scaffold for noncovalent interactions with various RNA binding proteins including helicases and ribosomal proteins, but many important questions remains regarding the molecular functions and biological roles through the interaction. Based on live-cell imaging assay, I found that DEAD-box helicase 18 (DDX18) and ribosomal protein S19 (RPS19) accumulated to DNA damage sites via PARP-1 activation, indicating their participation in PARP-1-dependent DNA damage repair. My results show that PARP-1 can mediate the association of DDX18 with R-loops thereby modulating R-loop homeostasis and R-loop-dependent DNA damage. DDX18 knockdown renders cells more sensitive to DNA damaging reagents. Furthermore, knockdown of DDX18 reduces R-loop-induced RPA32 and RAD51 foci formation in response to irradiation, and DDX18 depletion also leads to R-loop-induced γH2AX accumulation and genome instability. In addition, DDX18 knockdown abolishes DNA replication due to R-loop accumulation. Taken together, the data uncover new functions of PARP-1 mediated DDX18 in R-loop-mediated events. Here, I also identify RPS19 as a new regulator in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. RPS19 was recruited to the DNA damage regions through its putative PAR-binding motif, and the accumulation of RPS19 was PARP-1 dependent. In the absence of RPS19, cells showed reduced RAD51 foci formation, whereas γH2AX and RPA32 foci were increased. Furthermore, the accumulation of RPS19 at DNA damage sites were abolished during the treatment of ATR inhibitors but not ATM inhibitors. Upon X-ray irradiation, RPS19-knockdown cells also decreased phosphorylation of Chk1 at Ser345, which is the downstream of ATR. The results suggest the novel role of RPS19 in ATR pathway during DNA damage repair. In summary, these observations provide a further mechanistic understanding of RNA-binding proteins in PARP-1 mediated DNA damage responses.Biochemistr

The Modified Matrix Splitting Iteration Method for Computing PageRank Problem

In this paper, based on the iteration methods [3,10], we propose a modified multi-step power-inner-outer (MMPIO) iteration method for solving the PageRank problem. In the MMPIO iteration method, we use the multi-step matrix splitting iterations instead of the power method, and combine with the inner-outer iteration [24]. The convergence of the MMPIO iteration method is analyzed in detail, and some comparison results are also given. Several numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm

Hybrid meshless/displacement discontinuity method for FGM Reissner's plate with cracks

Growing applications of non-homogenous media in engineering structures require the application of powerful computational tools. A novel hybrid Meshless Displacement Discontinuity Method (MDDM) for cracked Reissner's plate in Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) is presented in this paper. The fundamental solutions of slope and deflection discontinuity for an isotropic homogenous media are chosen as a part of general solutions to create the gaps between the crack surfaces. The governing equation is satisfied by using the meshless methods such as the Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) and the Point Collocation Method (PCM) with Lagrange series interpolation and mapping technique. The Stress Intensity Factors (SIFs) are evaluated analytically with the Chebyshev polynomials. The accuracy is verified by comparison of numerical and analytical results